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One of the fastest way to fire up a debate on the internet amongst online poker players is to bring up the subject of whether or not online poker is rigged. On one side you have the people who are absolutely, positively convinced that online poker is rigged and on the other you have the folks who think those people are paranoid freaks making excuses for their inability to beat the game.

Which group is right?

Well, it’s not that easy. First off, what exactly does someone mean when they say a game is rigged? In the strictest definition a rigged game is one in which the online poker room cheats players either for their own benefit or in such a way that normal actions are modified in order to create more rake (revenue) for the online poker room.

For instance, the much rumored doom switch whereby a poker room either rewards or penalizes players based on certain actions. Some players believe that if they withdraw too much money the room throws a doom switch which makes them lose forcing them to deposit more money.

Ultimately, no credible evidence has ever been presented to substantiate the claims that online poker sites are rigged. In fact, all the research done to date seems to indicate quite the opposite.

So why do rumors that online poker is rigged persist? The same reason that some people believe that the moon landing was staged and that a group called the Illuminati secretly runs the world. Essentially because it’s impossible to prove that online poker is not rigged.

For instance, many people who think that online poker is rigged often challenge that if the games were legit then they would allow people to audit their records. Well, many online poker rooms do just that. They audit their hand histories and submit their random number generators to third party testing facilities for certification.

But the person who believes that online poker is rigged will either ignore those facts or expand the scope of his conspiracy theory to include the auditors and testers being in on it.

So essentially, there is no amount of proof that will satisfy someone who is convinced that online poker is rigged.

I’ve write about whether or not online poker is rigged quite frequently and below you will find posts that I’ve put into the “Is Online Poker Rigged?” category. However, you may be interested in my special picks out of the bunch as I consider them to be the most interesting posts I’ve created on the topic.

Crazy Rigtards is an email conversation I had about online poker integrity with someone who was clearly not stable. It's a funny read.

RT Hand Analyzer for Rigged Online Poker Games is a joke tool that people who think online poker is rigged can use to test their hand histories.

Proof That Online Poker is Rigged is a parody post I wrote a long, long time ago. It’s quite popular.

Why Online Poker Is Not Rigged is a look at why it is unlikely that online poker is rigged.

Dear Mr. Online Poker Is Rigged is a post I did in response to someone who claimed to know for a fact that online poker was rigged.

Motivations For Rigging Online Poker discusses the many mistakes in the arguments made by people who believe online poker is rigged. Essentially, there are far easier and legitimate things an online poker room could do to make money money than rigging the games.

From the category archives:

Is Online Poker Rigged?

Incredible Odds

by Bill Rini on March 11, 2010

in Is Online Poker Rigged?, Online Poker, Poker

3438455707 7ca19dd03b Incredible Odds

I had the pleasure of meeting a local musician here in Bangkok the other night. Actually I had seen him playing over at Moonshine’s once or twice but he stopped in to say hello to my friend Jack and we were introduced formally.

Tony is an older American guy. How old, I don’t know but he’s got a look that says he’s been around before. Nice guy though and always quick with a laugh.

Several months ago Jack told me an incredible story about Tony that I wanted to share. It was a few years ago and Tony was playing a gig in one of the local bars in Bangkok. During the set he noticed a young guy sitting in the audience wearing a US Army fatigue top with the same unit patch as his old unit in Vietnam.

Obviously the man was too young to have been a vet (at least a Vietnam Vet) but it intrigued him so when he finished his set he went over to the young man’s table and introduced himself saying that he had served in that unit during ‘Nam. As the man stretched out his arm to shake his he saw that the nametag on the top was the same as his last name, which he mentioned to the younger man.

The young man explained that he had purchased the fatigue top at a small market on some side street in Bangkok just that afternoon. He thought it looked cool and was able to bargain down the price to something fairly cheap so he bought it.

Tony said, “Well, can I ask you a small favor? Can you open up the jacket pocket and see if there’s anything sewn inside the pocket?” The younger man obliged and there was Tony’s name on another nametag sewn inside the pocket.

Tony had sold all of his gear to a military surplus shop when he finished his military duty after Vietnam and had been traveling around the world since. But somehow his fatigue jacket had followed him around the world and ended up in the same bar he was playing a gig in.

The reason I bring this up is so many people argue that online poker must be rigged because something with a low statistical probability occurs to them. Maybe they have been dealt aces three times in a row or whatever. To them that proves the game is rigged.

But anytime the probability of something is greater than 0, given enough trials, it is expected to happen.

If my math is correct, getting dealt pocket aces three times in a row should happen approx every 1 in 2,385,443 hands. That means that the chances of it happening are still greater than 0. And if you take a room like PokerStars and let’s say they deal a billion hands per year, it is not unusual for that to occur 419 times a year.

So, your opponent catching pocket aces three times in a row has a low probability but it’s expected to happen to 419 people per year (assuming 1 billion hands dealt). Does it prove anything about whether or not the game is rigged? No.

I mean, what are the odds that Sammy Farha with AT would flop AAT against Oliver Hudson with pocket tens in the very first hand in the WSOP main event at the featured table? I’m not even going to do the math but it’s not very likely.

But because it’s live people are willing to accept that it’s just poker. When it happens online many of those same people assume it’s because the game is rigged.

That’s one of the reasons when anybody says something like “You never see anything like that ever happen in a live game,” I immediately dismiss anything else they’ve said or are going to say. Because I can post YouTube videos all day long showing highly unlikely events occurring during televised programs.

And out of all of the hands played how many have been televised? A low percentage to be sure. So if you can see these low probability events occurring from a rather small sample size then people saying they’ve never seen it in a live card room either aren’t playing very many hands or their experience is the true statistical anomaly.

photocred to Steve Snodgrass

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3569236006 b29bdc1e07 Data Mining – Does Isildur1 Have a Case Against Brian Hastings?

Unless you’ve been living under a rock, the big news in the nosebleed stakes poker circles these days has been Hastings cleaning Isildur1 for over $4 million in one session. It’s since been revealed that Brian Hastings, Brian Townsend, and Cole South spent some time combining their hand histories against Isildur1 so they could formulate a strategy to beat him.

Many, like F-Train, have sided with Isildur1 that this was a clear violation of Full Tilt Poker’s T&C which state:

“The use of shared hand histories provides detailed information on opponents a player has little or no personal experience playing against, and is deemed to be an unfair advantage. Violating this policy is subject to the maximum penalties for prohibited software use?”

Meanwhile there are those like Change100 who liken what the boys did to nothing more than a group of players sitting around and comparing notes on an opponent.

Who’s right? Well, they both are . . . sort of.

The first thing about this though is that we have to understand the difference between the spirit of the law and the letter of the law. The rule quoted above was intended to put a police in place to prevent rampant data mining. Players would simply fire up Full Tilt and leave it on for days while it watched 12 or more tables and they would just mine all of those games into PokerTracker so the next time they sat at a table they would have background data on nearly every player at the table.

Obviously, this creates an unfair advantage since none of the other players are aware that their play is being tracked and players can amass huge databases of playing information on their opponents without revealing any of theirs.

So that was the spirit of the law. Did Team CardRunners violate the spirit of the law in what they did? In my opinion, no. They took their collective knowledge of this one particular player and as a group analyzed his play. Isildur1 played against all three opponents and knew that all three opponents were part of CardRunners and it would actually be stupid to assume that they were not at least discussing strategy with each other.

The spirit of the law is attempting to deal with indiscriminant data mining. Even in the wording it says it is to prevent players from having detailed history on players they have little or no playing history with. But Isildur1 and Hastings have played together before. And being so high-profile it would be somewhat naïve to assume that all three of the pros had not watched each other play against Isildur1.

So the question is, did combining their hand histories give them any particular advantage that they might not have gained anyway simply by doing their own hand history analysis individually and the coming together and comparing notes? Because, that certainly would not be in violation of the rules. Players talk about other players all the time. To compare notes would not be unethical nor violate any stated or implied rules.

If you believe that combining their databases gave them an advantage then you probably believe Isildur1 was wronged here. If you believe they would have spotted the same flaws in his game comparing notes of their sessions against him then one has to conclude that they were within the spirit of the law.

Now, did they break the letter of the law? I think they did. I’m not even sure they were aware that the rule was that strictly worded but ignorance of the law is no excuse.

I think Full Tilt’s 30-day suspension is an appropriate punishment for the CardRunners team. It demonstrates that even though the letter of the law was broken it was not so severe as to warrant severing their pro contracts or anything else of that nature.

It’s been reported that Isildur1 is going to file a complaint to Full Tilt now that he has become aware of the CardRunner’s rule violation. On one hand I don’t think he’s entitled to anything since the rule violation was more to the letter of the law rather than the spirit of the law. On the other, I think it would be a goodwill gesture if either Hastings or Full Tilt staked Isildur1 $1 million with makeup and limiting him to more sane stakes until he’s recouped some cash and has the bankroll to play the nosebleeds again (similar to what Dwan has been forced to do).

What we should take away from this is that online poker is in many ways a different beast than live poker. Players can and will have hand histories at their disposal. But more importantly, the poker rooms need to write better T&C’s. Am I violating the one player to a hand rule if my friend is watching over my shoulder and says, “Dude, check raise that fool”? Am I violating the English-only T&C’s if I type “Adios, amigo” in the chat-box?

I know these sound like silly examples but what’s to stop the next player who loses from complaining that I was in technical violation of the T&C’s and seeking his money back? At the lower limits, it’s probably common sense since the CS rep will tell them to go pound sand but here we’re seeing it at the highest stakes which means that the card rooms need to write their rules much more clearly so these types of situations don’t occur again in the future.

photocred goes to Hoggheff aka Hank Ashby aka Mr. Freshtags

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2492850078 85bb023863 Online Poker and Data Mining

Paul Nobles from Bluff takes a rather interesting look at the whole data mining brouhaha that’s been going on of late. I started to leave a comment on the Pokerati site but my response started to get a little unruly in terms of length so I thought I would just direct you there to read the original and then give some of my thoughts on the topic here.

First off, I think Paul hits the nail on the head. His analysis of the situation is very good. The reason I chose to respond is that I think there are some additional lines of thought that are worth exploring as well.

Okay, you read my blog, which means you’re probably too lazy to read the entire post over at Pokerati so I’ll summarize Paul’s post by saying:

TableRatings and similar companies are in violation of the T&C’s at many poker rooms by collecting table data and sometimes even hand histories. And although the poker sites say they are against it they haven’t done much to stop it (with the exception of Cake).

First off, having seen this issue via the operator’s perspective, it’s really a matter of priorities and whether or not you want to draw attention to the problem. In many ways it is similar to the problem rooms have with poker bots.

All rooms agree that bots are bad for business but only insomuch as they are bad if people are aware of them. If your average players aren’t aware of poker bots you don’t want to be doing too much to draw attention to the fact that there was a problem to begin with.

This is also one of the reasons so few poker rooms took to sticking the knife into UltimateBet or Absolute during their cheating scandals. The vast, vast majority of players don’t read 2+2, PokerNews, or much other poker media other than poker television programming and such. Crowing that your site can be trusted while UltimateBet and Absolute cannot makes people aware of a problem that they might never had even suspected existed.

So, the average player out there doesn’t even know these data mining companies exist. Should you make too big of a deal about it and bring attention to something that you might not be able to prevent anyway? That’s the million dollar question.

Stuff like this will always be a game of cat and mouse as long as there is money to be made. As soon as any of the rooms makes a change the data collectors will counter. The only thing you can really do is make it too expensive for them to keep up and thus remove the financial motivation to offer such a service.

But, how big of a priority is this? How many customers does TableRatings actually have? How much is it really impacting the game? How noticeable is it to the average player? Will addressing the problem bring unwanted publicity that is more harmful than the actual problem?

These are the kinds of questions card rooms will ask themselves before invest resources in fixing the problem. Believe it or not, despite the massive amounts of money being made by online poker sites, most are woefully understaffed. They only have the ability to focus on a certain number of priorities and where an issue like this ranks for them will be a function of a combination of the personal philosophy of the decision maker and business realities.

Nobles does mention a possible solution of allowing players to change their screen names which is an idea that I know has been kicked around inside the online poker industry for years. The obvious argument against is that your high-raking players will move onto a site where they can maintain hand histories on other players.

Personally, I support frequent screen name changes. Lee Jones, formerly of PokerStars fame and now card room manager at Cake Poker (who, does allow screen name changes) came out in favor of this some time ago, if I’m remembering correctly.

The major problem with this solution though is that it would be very hard for most existing rooms to shoehorn into their existing software. First they have to build the ability in and then they have to rewrite portions of all of the backend tools. That’s actually not as simple as it sounds (if it did sound simple).

Many rooms don’t officially allow name changes as part of their policy but under extreme circumstances will permit a name change. I would guess that at a minimum they have a manual process in place to do it but they either don’t want to open it up to the public for fear of the repercussions or it’s not automated enough or reliable enough to do on any sort of massive scale (perhaps even as crude as opening up a second account and importing all the data and balances over).

There’s also the issue that this does make certain types of fraud easier to commit. Nobles downplays this risk but I think he underestimates the potential based on the argument others are making. Yes, the problems at Ultimate Bet and Absolute Poker were internal issues but that does not mean that every poker room has state of the art collusion or fraud detection. UB and Absolute might have been the absolute (no pun intended) worst but look at what it took to catch those players who were OBVIOUSLY cheating.

Additionally, now you’re going to have players who say that they are absolutely positive that Player A is Player B because of some convoluted association they’ve connected together and thus based on their combined stats are cheaters. Poker rooms will end up facing regular accusations of fraud going on on their sites and since poker rooms tend to not release much in the way of details into their investigations it gives the tin-foil hat wearing crowd more ammunition to proclaim that online poker is rigged.

So again, you end up right back at the question of the priority of addressing the issue. Is it worth the costs? Does it create more problems than it solves? Is the company willing to skip features in the next release or two in order to implement a solution?

Each room will make their decision on a case by case basis but up until the last few weeks I’ve only ever heard it talked about as a philosophical debate within the industry. It’ll take a lot more pressure from players before this works its way into the spotlight.

photocred to NIOSH

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Even Play Money Poker Is Rigged!

July 27, 2009 Is Online Poker Rigged?

I’m not even sure how I ran across this but somehow I found this posting on Facebook.
Claire Frampton (Portsmouth) wrote53 minutes ago
my son was new to playing so i watched and helped him out but was noticed on quite a few occasions he ended up losing most of his chips coz all the [...]

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Losing Wasn’t My Fault

April 19, 2009 Is Online Poker Rigged?

Someone sent a link to this to me. If this is your pic, please ping me and I would love to give you credit for it.

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RT Hand Analyzer for Rigged Poker Games

April 5, 2009 Is Online Poker Rigged?

Over the last several years I’ve done several posts refuting the argument that online poker is rigged.  In fact, I’ve gone as far as make fun of people who insist that online poker is rigged in several posts.
Crazy Rigtards
Dear Mr. Online Poker Is Rigged
But in the end the biggest hurdle in arguing for the legitimacy [...]

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Crazy Rigtards

March 14, 2009 Is Online Poker Rigged?

Because of my Online Poker is Rigged parody post as well as the many posts I’ve done on why online poker is not rigged I get a lot of heat from rigtards.  Rigtard is a name I ran across on 2+2 that is used to describe the constant stream of ZOMG ONLINE POKER IZ SO [...]

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Flattening the Hierarchy of Cheating in Poker

November 15, 2008 Is Online Poker Rigged?

While I usually agree with Nat Arem on a lot of topics I’m not sure I can go along with him on his Hierarchy of Cheating in Poker.
In case you are too lazy to go read his post allow me to boil his argument down to a few points (Nat, correct me if you think [...]

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Getting All Juiced Up

October 3, 2008 Is Online Poker Rigged?

The always articulate Haley Hintze left a comment on a post I made the other day about online poker being rigged which I wanted to respond to. I felt that it would make a better post than a comment so here we go.
Hiya, Bill!
This an example where I think Ed is serving the greater [...]

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